In 1978, American George Bogle set a precedent for wireless charging of electric vehicles.
In 1994, Japan’s Murata Manufacturing Company announced the realization of “magnetic coupling resonance”.
In 2006, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) successfully realized a 2-meter transmission test.
Although there are many technologies that can realize wireless charging applications, there are four main technologies that are relatively mature at this stage: electromagnetic induction, electromagnetic resonance, electric field coupling, and radio waves.
There are two technologies that have been widely recognized in mobile phones and other products: electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic resonance. Around these technologies, three wireless charging association alliances are formed.
WPC (Qi standard)
On December 17, 2008, the Wireless Power Consortium was established, and the 1.0 version of the standard was promulgated in March 2010. The logo of the Wireless Power Consortium is “Qi”, and Qi uses electromagnetic induction technology.
Products of different brands, as long as they have the Qi logo, can be charged with Qi wireless chargers, which solves the problem of “universality”.
As of August 2018, there are 612 members from home and abroad. Including Philips, HTC, Nokia, Samsung, Sony Ericsson, Texas Instruments, HTC, Huawei, MediaTek and other well-known companies, Apple also joined WPC in 2017.
The early representative products of the Qi standard are: Nokia Lumia 920, Nokia Lumia 820, Google Nexus 4, etc. Qi is the earliest established, most widely distributed and most popular wireless charging standard in the industry.
A4WP
Established in 2012, A4WP is the abbreviation of Alliance for Wireless Power standard, and was created by the Wireless Power Alliance jointly created by Qualcomm, South Korea, and Powermat.
Using electromagnetic resonance technology, there are currently more than 40 members, Intel, MediaTek, LG, Dell and so on.
PMA
Established in 2012, the full name is the Power Matters Alliance standard. It was initiated by Duracell Powermat, which is a joint venture between Procter & Gamble and Powermat.
At present, there are more than 70 members, Samsung, HTC, LG, Huawei, AT&T, Starbucks, using the same electromagnetic induction technology as Qi.
Of course, manufacturers will not hang themselves from a tree, and several agreements will join each other to share risks. On January 6, 2015, A4WP and PMA announced that they were merged into one and renamed the AirFuel Alliance Alliance (AFA), and the three major organizations became two.
The first wireless charging phone: PALM
On January 9, 2009, Palm announced its new generation operating system webOS and its first mobile phone Palm Pre at CES. It is the mobile phone mentioned by Lei Jun on Weibo. This mobile phone is called Fat Pear in China.